1. Narrative Text
Definition of Narrative
Narrative is a text focusing specific participants. Its social function is to tell stories or past events and entertain the readers.
Generic Structure of
Narrative
A narrative text will consists of the following structure:
Orientation : Introducing the participants and informing the time
and the place
Complication :
Describing the rising crises which the participants have to do with
Resolution : Showing the way of
participant to solve the crises, better or worse
Language Features of
Narrative
Using processes verbs
Using temporal conjunction
Using Simple Past Tense
Example
The Story of Sangkuriang and Tangkuban Perahu Mountain
Once, there was a kingdom in Priangan Land. Lived a happy family. They were a
father in form of dog,his name is Tumang, a mother which was called is Dayang
Sumbi, and a child which was called Sangkuriang.
One day, Dayang Sumbi asked her son to go hunting with his lovely dog, Tumang.
After hunting all day, Sangkuriang began desperate and worried because he
hunted no deer. Then he thought to shot his own dog. Then he took the dog liver
and carried home.
Soon Dayang Sumbi found out that it was not deer lever but Tumang's, his own
dog. So, She was very angry and hit Sangkuriang's head. In that incident,
Sangkuriang got wounded and scar then cast away from their home.
Years go bye, Sangkuriang had travel many places and finally arrived at a
village. He met a beautiful woman and felt in love with her. When they were
discussing their wedding plans, The woman looked at the wound in Sangkuriang's
head. It matched to her son's wound who had left severall years earlier. Soon
she realized that she felt in love with her own son.
She couldn't marry him but how to say it. Then, she found the way. She needed a
lake and a boat for celebrating their wedding day. Sangkuriang had to make them
in one night. He built a lake. With a dawn just moment away and the boat was
almost complete. Dayang Sumbi had to stop it. Then, she lit up the eastern
horizon with flashes of light. It made the cock crowed for a new day.
Sangkuriang failed to marry her. She was very angry and kicked the boat. It
felt over and became the mountain of Tangkuban Perahu Bandung.
Source : Wikipedia.org
2. Procedure Text
Definition Of Procedure Text
Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc.
The generic structures of procedure text are :
1. Goal/aim ( or title)
2. Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
3. Steps (the actions that must be taken)
Example :
How To Make A Kite
Materials :
- Butcher cord
- Scotch tape or glue
- 1 Sheet of strong paper
- 2 Strong, straight wooden sticks of bamboo,Markers, paint or crayons
Steps:
After the materials have been prepared, the directions bellow is easy instruction on how to make a kite:
After the materials have been prepared, the directions bellow is easy instruction on how to make a kite:
1. Make a cross with the two sticks, with the shorter stick placed horizontally
across the longer stick.
2. Tie the two sticks together with the string in such a way as to make sure
that they are at right angles to each other.
3. Cut a notch at each end of the sticks. Make it deep enough for the type of
string you are using to fit in to. Cut a piece of string long enough to stretch
all around the kite frame.
4. Lay the sail material flat and place the stick frame face down on top. Cut
around it, leaving about 2-3cm for a margin. Fold these edges over and glue it
down so that the material is tight.
5. Make a tail by tying a small ribbon roughly every 10cm along the length of
string.
6. Decorate your kite with the markers!
3. Recount text
Definition of Recount
Recount is a text which retells events or experiences in the past. Its purpose is either to inform or to entertain the audience. There is no complication among the participants and that differentiates from narrative
Generic
Structure of Recount
1. Orientation: Introducing the participants, place and time
2.
Events: Describing series of event that happened in the past
3.
Reorientation: It is optional. Stating personal comment of the writer to the
story
Language Feature of Recount
•
Introducing personal participant; I, my group, etc
• Using
chronological connection; then, first, etc
• Using
linking verb; was, were, saw, heard, etc
• Using
action verb; look, go, change, etc
• Using
simple past tense
Examples :
My Adventure at Leang Cave
Orientation
On Sunday, my parents, my best fruend Novi, and I visited a cave at Maros called Leang-leang . It was my first time to visit the cave, better yet, my best friend came to visit it with me!
On Sunday, my parents, my best fruend Novi, and I visited a cave at Maros called Leang-leang . It was my first time to visit the cave, better yet, my best friend came to visit it with me!
Event 1
The cave was famous for its primitive cave wall paintings which were some hand prints and wild boar paintings. The cave and its surroundings was turned into a national park, so it was taken care of. My parents took a rest in a small hut for visitors of the park, while Novi and I adventured around the cave with a guide. We had to climb some metal stairs to get to the cave, because the cave was embedded into a small mountain. Next stop was a place where some seashells littered the ground and some were actually piled into a big mound! The guide said that these piles of seashells are called kjokkenmoddinger, or kitchen trash.
Event 2
The humans who lived here ate the shells and dumped the left overs in their ‘kitchen’. The last place was a small museum where they have skeletons of the humans who lived in the caves. The skeletons along with some roughly made jewelry and weapons were placed inside glass cases for display. The walls of the museum were adorned with photographs taken when they did an excavation there.
Reorientation
After a quick lunch with Novi and my parents, we decided it was time to go back home. We really had the time of our lives!
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